[영어 성경 공부] Numbers 3 : 14~39

[Nu 3:14-39, NIV] 14 The LORD said to Moses in the Desert of Sinai,

15 "Count the Levites by their families and clans. Count every male a month old or more."

16 So Moses counted them, as he was commanded by the word of the LORD.

17 These were the names of the sons of Levi: Gershon, Kohath and Merari.

18 These were the names of the Gershonite clans: Libni and Shimei.

19 The Kohathite clans: Amram, Izhar, Hebron and Uzziel.

20 The Merarite clans: Mahli and Mushi. These were the Levite clans, according to their families.

21 To Gershon belonged the clans of the Libnites and Shimeites; these were the Gershonite clans.

22 The number of all the males a month old or more who were counted was 7,500.

23 The Gershonite clans were to camp on the west, behind the tabernacle.

24 The leader of the families of the Gershonites was Eliasaph son of Lael.

25 At the tent of meeting the Gershonites were responsible for the care of the tabernacle and tent, its coverings, the curtain at the entrance to the tent of meeting,

26 the curtains of the courtyard, the curtain at the entrance to the courtyard surrounding the tabernacle and altar, and the ropes—and everything related to their use.

27 To Kohath belonged the clans of the Amramites, Izharites, Hebronites and Uzzielites; these were the Kohathite clans.

28 The number of all the males a month old or more was 8,600. The Kohathites were responsible for the care of the sanctuary.

29 The Kohathite clans were to camp on the south side of the tabernacle.

30 The leader of the families of the Kohathite clans was Elizaphan son of Uzziel.

31 They were responsible for the care of the ark, the table, the lampstand, the altars, the articles of the sanctuary used in ministering, the curtain, and everything related to their use.

32 The chief leader of the Levites was Eleazar son of Aaron, the priest. He was appointed over those who were responsible for the care of the sanctuary.

33 To Merari belonged the clans of the Mahlites and the Mushites; these were the Merarite clans.

34 The number of all the males a month old or more who were counted was 6,200.

35 The leader of the families of the Merarite clans was Zuriel son of Abihail; they were to camp on the north side of the tabernacle.

36 The Merarites were appointed to take care of the frames of the tabernacle, its crossbars, posts, bases, all its equipment, and everything related to their use,

37 as well as the posts of the surrounding courtyard with their bases, tent pegs and ropes.

38 Moses and Aaron and his sons were to camp to the east of the tabernacle, toward the sunrise, in front of the tent of meeting. They were responsible for the care of the sanctuary on behalf of the Israelites. Anyone else who approached the sanctuary was to be put to death.

39 The total number of Levites counted at the LORD's command by Moses and Aaron according to their clans, including every male a month old or more, was 22,000.

✅ 1. 단어 & 발음 정리

영어 단어/이름 한글 발음 뜻

The LORD	더 로드	주님, 여호와
Moses	모지스	모세
Desert of Sinai	데저트 오브 사이나이	시내 광야
count	카운트	세다, 계수하다
Levites	리바이츠	레위 지파 사람들
families	패밀리즈	가족들, 가계
clans	클랜즈	씨족, 가문
male	메일	남자
a month old	어 먼쓰 올드	생후 한 달 이상
commanded	커맨디드	명령했다
Gershon	걸숀	게르손
Kohath	코하쓰	고핫
Merari	머라리	므라리
tent of meeting	텐트 오브 미팅	회막
sanctuary	생츄어리	성소
camp	캠프	진치다, 캠프를 치다
leader	리더	지도자
responsible for	리스판서블 포	~에 책임이 있는
care	케어	관리, 돌봄
ark	아크	언약궤
table	테이블	떡상
lampstand	램프스탠드	등잔대
altars	올터즈	제단들
curtain	커튼	휘장
courtyard	코트야드	뜰, 마당
frames	프레임즈	틀, 골조
crossbars	크로스바즈	가로막대
posts	포스트스	기둥들
bases	베이시즈	받침대
equipment	이큅먼트	장비, 기구
tent pegs	텐트 페그즈	텐트 말뚝
ropes	로프스	줄, 밧줄
toward the sunrise	투워드 더 선라이즈	해 뜨는 쪽으로, 동쪽으로
on behalf of	온 비핼프 오브	~를 대신하여
put to death	풋 투 데스	죽이다 (사형에 처하다)

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✅ 2. 주요 문법 포인트 정리

2-1. The LORD said to Moses

• (주어 + said to + 사람) = "누구에게 말했다"
• The LORD said to Moses = 주님께서 모세에게 말씀하셨다.

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2-2. Count the Levites by their families and clans.

• Count + 목적어 + by ~ = "~에 따라 세다"
• 여기서는 ‘그들의 가족과 씨족에 따라 레위인들을 세라’는 명령문이다.

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2-3. These were the names of ~

• These were ~ = 이것들은 ~였다. (주로 나열 전에 사용)
• 예) These were the names of the sons of Levi.=> 이것들이 레위의 아들들의 이름이었다.

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2-4. were responsible for ~

• be responsible for = ~에 책임이 있다.
• 예) They were responsible for the care of the ark.=> 그들은 언약궤를 관리하는 책임이 있었다.

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2-5. belonged to ~

• belong to = ~에 속하다, ~의 것이다.
• 예) To Kohath belonged the clans of the Amramites...=> 고핫에게는 암람 족속 등이 속해 있었다.(성경 문체에서는 종종 ‘To ~ belonged ~’ 형태로 도치되어 사용된다.)

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2-6. Anyone else who approached the sanctuary was to be put to death.

• was to be + 과거분사 = ~되게 되어 있었다 (미래 운명을 설명하거나 규례를 설명할 때 사용)
• put to death = 사형에 처하다.
• 번역: "성소에 접근하는 다른 사람은 죽임을 당하게 되어 있었다."

[Nu 3:14-39, ESV] 14 And the LORD spoke to Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, saying,

15 "List the sons of Levi, by fathers' houses and by clans; every male from a month old and upward you shall list."

16 So Moses listed them according to the word of the LORD, as he was commanded.

17 And these were the sons of Levi by their names: Gershon and Kohath and Merari.

18 And these are the names of the sons of Gershon by their clans: Libni and Shimei.

19 And the sons of Kohath by their clans: Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel.

20 And the sons of Merari by their clans: Mahli and Mushi. These are the clans of the Levites, by their fathers' houses.

21 To Gershon belonged the clan of the Libnites and the clan of the Shimeites; these were the clans of the Gershonites.

22 Their listing according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward was 7,500.

23 The clans of the Gershonites were to camp behind the tabernacle on the west,

24 with Eliasaph, the son of Lael as chief of the fathers' house of the Gershonites.

25 And the guard duty of the sons of Gershon in the tent of meeting involved the tabernacle, the tent with its covering, the screen for the entrance of the tent of meeting,

26 the hangings of the court, the screen for the door of the court that is around the tabernacle and the altar, and its cords—all the service connected with these.

27 To Kohath belonged the clan of the Amramites and the clan of the Izharites and the clan of the Hebronites and the clan of the Uzzielites; these are the clans of the Kohathites.

28 According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were 8,600, keeping guard over the sanctuary.

29 The clans of the sons of Kohath were to camp on the south side of the tabernacle,

30 with Elizaphan the son of Uzziel as chief of the fathers' house of the clans of the Kohathites.

31 And their guard duty involved the ark, the table, the lampstand, the altars, the vessels of the sanctuary with which the priests minister, and the screen; all the service connected with these.

32 And Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest was to be chief over the chiefs of the Levites, and to have oversight of those who kept guard over the sanctuary.

33 To Merari belonged the clan of the Mahlites and the clan of the Mushites: these are the clans of Merari.

34 Their listing according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward was 6,200.

35 And the chief of the fathers' house of the clans of Merari was Zuriel the son of Abihail. They were to camp on the north side of the tabernacle.

36 And the appointed guard duty of the sons of Merari involved the frames of the tabernacle, the bars, the pillars, the bases, and all their accessories; all the service connected with these;

37 also the pillars around the court, with their bases and pegs and cords.

38 Those who were to camp before the tabernacle on the east, before the tent of meeting toward the sunrise, were Moses and Aaron and his sons, guarding the sanctuary itself, to protect the people of Israel. And any outsider who came near was to be put to death.

39 All those listed among the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron listed at the commandment of the LORD, by clans, all the males from a month old and upward, were 22,000.

✅ 1. 핵심 단어 & 한글 발음 정리 (ESV 기준)

영어 단어/이름 한글 발음 의미

wilderness	윌더니스	광야
Sinai	사이나이	시내(산)
list	리스트	목록 작성하다, 계수하다
fathers' houses	파더스 하우시즈	조상의 가문
clan	클랜	씨족, 가계
upward	업워드	이상(나이 기준)
tabernacle	태버내클	성막
west	웨스트	서쪽
guard duty	가드 듀티	지키는 일, 경비
tent of meeting	텐트 오브 미팅	회막
screen	스크린	휘장(막)
entrance	엔트런스	입구
hangings	행잉즈	걸개, 휘장
court	코트	뜰
cords	코드즈	줄
vessels	베슬즈	기구들
minister	미니스터	섬기다, 봉사하다
oversight	오버사이트	감독
accessories	액세서리즈	부속품
pillars	필러즈	기둥들
bases	베이시즈	받침대들
pegs	페그즈	말뚝들
outsider	아웃사이더	외부인, 타인
put to death	풋 투 데스	죽이다, 사형에 처하다

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✅ 2. ESV 본문 주요 문법 포인트

2-1. And the LORD spoke to Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, saying

• spoke to + 사람 : "~에게 말했다"
• saying 은 문장을 연결하며 "말씀하시되" 의미로 자연스럽게 연결해 주는 현재분사.

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2-2. List the sons of Levi, by fathers' houses and by clans; every male from a month old and upward you shall list.

• 명령문: 동사 원형으로 시작 (List ~)
• every male from a month old and upward→ "한 달 이상 된 모든 남자"
• you shall list→ 미래형 또는 강한 명령형: "너는 반드시 계수하라"

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2-3. These are the clans of the Levites, by their fathers' houses.

• These are ~ : "이것들이 ~이다" (현재형으로 사실을 선언)
• 성경 영어에서 사실 진술은 단순 현재를 많이 사용한다.

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2-4. To Gershon belonged the clan of the Libnites and the clan of the Shimeites; these were the clans of the Gershonites.

• 도치 표현: **To ~ belonged ~**→ "~에게 속해 있던 것은 ~이었다"
• 강조를 위해 도치를 사용한다.

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2-5. The clans of the Gershonites were to camp behind the tabernacle on the west.

• were to + 동사원형→ 예정/지시/계획 의미: "진치도록 되어 있었다"

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2-6. The guard duty of the sons of Gershon involved...

• involve + 명사→ "~을 포함하다, ~이 포함된다"
• 경비 업무 내용 설명에 반복적으로 등장.

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2-7. And Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest was to be chief over the chiefs of the Levites.

• *was to be ~*→ 예정, 지명, 규칙으로 정해진 사항
• chief over the chiefs→ "우두머리 중의 우두머리", 즉 총책임자.

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2-8. And any outsider who came near was to be put to death.

• was to be put to death→ 법적인 규례로 정해진 내용.→ "죽임을 당하도록 정해졌다."